What is firebrick and what is its use?
From yellow to gray to traditional red and orange, bricks are ubiquitous in many cities and are widely used in construction projects. In short, the manufacturing process of traditional bricks involves molding clay and firing it in an oven to make solid bricks, perforated bricks, Coburg bricks, ceramic tiles and other forms of bricks. Ceramic brick is cheap and easy to get, has strong resistance, thermal inertia and surface treatment ability, and does not need professional construction ability. But if this kind of brick is placed near a high heat source, it will eventually crack and fracture. In contrast, firebrick is more suitable. What does it mean?
It seems contradictory that the materials burned in the oven above 1000 ℃ can not withstand high temperature. In fact, the main problem is thermal shock. When the ordinary brick contacts with the heat source, it will expand rapidly. When the heat source stops (such as the fire goes out), the material will contract. These sudden changes in temperature will affect the stability of the structure and cause serious problems such as cracks. Refractories refer to those materials that can withstand high temperature without damaging their structure, resistance or thermal conductivity. As far as brick materials are concerned, the chemical composition of refractory brick is different from that of ordinary brick, which will affect its color and thermal conductivity.
For domestic uses, such as ovens, barbecues and fireplaces, firebricks are usually made of clay, mainly containing alumina and silica, which can withstand high temperatures. Alumina is reflective, while silica is an excellent insulator. The more alumina is present in the mixture, the higher the temperature the brick can withstand (which is an important consideration for industrial use) and the higher the price of the brick. The color of silica is gray, while the appearance of alumina is yellow.
In addition to technical functions, there are also architects who use exposed firebricks to build and decorate surfaces. In the "tropical house urveel" project developed by the design working group, firebricks can be used in a variety of ways, sometimes in a porous form like "Indian Jali", sometimes opaque and textured, sometimes forming a patio, sometimes as a background, and these bricks can be used in the whole house.
In addition to the brick itself, the mortar used must also be able to withstand high temperatures. Therefore, it is usually composed of special aggregates, such as vermiculite and refractory clay. Like bricks, it can also contain alumina (Al2O3), mullite zircon and other materials.
It should always be emphasized that when designing or constructing structures to be in contact with heat sources, attention must be paid to the consistency of materials used with local regulations. In order to avoid material loss or more serious accidents, we need to pay a little time and energy in the early stage of design, such as actively seeking the advice of experts and manufacturers.
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